Fri Sep 20 2024

48 articles - From Friday Sep 13 2024 to Friday Sep 20 2024

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Guidelines

Guidelines and related publications, position statements, white papers, technical reviews, consensus statements, etc…


Meta-analysis

meta-analyses and systematic reviews

Inflamm Bowel Dis

The Burden of Psychiatric Manifestations in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: A Systematic Review With Meta-analysis.

This MA highlights the high prevalence of psychiatric disorders, particularly depression and anxiety, in IBD patients, which exceeds rates in the general population. BD in IBD is proving to be an important but under-researched area. The sparse and contradictory data on schizophrenia requires further investigation. These findings highlight the need for better understanding, early detection, and tailored mental health interventions in the management of IBD to significantly improve patients' quality of life.

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Original articles

RCT, clinical trials, retrospective studies, etc…

Am J Clin Nutr

Anthropometry relationship with duodenal histologic features of children with environmental enteric dysfunction: a multicenter cross-sectional study.

This study contributes a crucial negative finding that duodenal morphological features did not associate with anthropometric phenotypes; hence, anthropometric measurements may not be a suitable outcome measure for use in EED trials. Trial outcomes may need to be defined by combining the functional and structural elements of the gut to monitor EED.

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Biomarker relationships with small bowel histopathology among malnourished children with environmental enteric dysfunction in a multicountry cohort study.

Four commonly used markers of enteric dysfunction were associated with specific histologic features. One-hour urine collection may be insufficient to reflect small bowel permeability in LR testing. While acknowledging the challenges with obtaining relevant tissue, these findings form the basis for further EED biomarker validation research.

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Duodenal transcriptomics demonstrates signatures of tissue inflammation and immune cell infiltration in children with environmental enteric dysfunction across global centers.

The transcriptome signatures of EED include specific innate and adaptive immune responses that are consistently elevated across study centers, coupled with reduced detoxification and antioxidant capacities. These data may have implications for targeted interventions to improve EED outcomes.

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Enteric pathogens relationship with small bowel histologic features of environmental enteric dysfunction in a multicountry cohort study.

The detection of some enteropathogens in asymptomatic infections is associated with subsequent EED histopathology. These novel findings offer a basis for future EED etiology and pathogenesis studies.

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Glycemic Control Contributes to the Neuroprotective Effects of Mediterranean and Green-Mediterranean Diets on Brain Age; The DIRECT PLUS Brain-MRI Randomized Controlled Trial.

Glycemic control contributes to the neuroprotective effects of the MED and green-MED diets on brain age. Polyphenols-rich diet components as Mankai and green-tea may contribute to a more youthful brain age. Trial-registration-clinical-trials-identifier NCT03020186 URL OF REGISTRATION

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Histopathology underlying environmental enteric dysfunction in a cohort study of undernourished children in Bangladesh, Pakistan, and Zambia compared with United States children.

This scoring system involving 5 histologic parameters demonstrates very high discrimination between EED and normal biopsies, indicating that this scoring system can be applied with confidence to studies of intestinal biopsies in EED.

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Multiplexed immunohistochemical evaluation of small bowel inflammatory and epithelial parameters in environmental enteric dysfunction.

Our results support a model of chronic epithelial stress that decreases epithelial differentiation and absorptive function. The close association of several IHC parameters with manual histologic scoring suggests that automated digital quantification of IHC panels complements traditional histomorphologic assessment in EED.

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Prediction of individual weight loss using supervised learning: Findings from the CALERIE™ 2 study.

The prediction models could be implemented by practitioners and clinicians to support the decision of whether lifestyle interventions are sufficient or more aggressive interventions are needed for a given individual, thereby supporting better, faster, data-driven, and unbiased decisions.

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Should a single growth standard be used to judge the nutritional status of children under age 5 years globally: Yes.

The WHO Child Growth Standards developed represent the best description of physiological growth for children aged <5 y. The standards depict normal early childhood growth under optimal environmental conditions and can be used to assess children everywhere, regardless of ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and type of feeding.

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Should a single growth standard be used to judge the nutritional status of children under age 5 years globally? No.

Thus, contextual references, though not the perfect solution, are better suited for everyday practice and nutrition policy. Growth standards should only be used as a screening for clinical judgments aided by precise biomarkers.

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The Environmental Enteric Dysfunction Biopsy Initiative (EEDBI) Consortium: mucosal investigations of environmental enteric dysfunction.

Here, we describe the Consortium and its cohorts and recruitment procedures across studies. We also offer details applicable to al papers in this supplement, which describe EED mucosal histology, morphometry, immunohistochemistry, and transcriptomics as well as histology relationship to pathogens and biomarkers.

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The Impact of Fast-food Energy Posting on College Students' Food Purchases.

The results suggest that the ACA energy menu labeling policy led to an increase in the energy content per transaction by students at a public university. This paper highlights the need for more research to better understand the determinants of food choice among college students.

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The association between selenium status and global and attention specific cognition in very old adults in The Newcastle 85+ Study: cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses.

There were no associations between selenium status and cognitive decline. However, serum selenium, but not SELENOP or GPx3 activity, was positively associated non-linearly with global cognition at baseline. Furthermore, these associations were not evident during follow-up, potentially due to residual confounding and reverse causation.

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Inflamm Bowel Dis

Deployment of an Artificial Intelligence Histology Tool to Aid Qualitative Assessment of Histopathology Using the Nancy Histopathology Index in Ulcerative Colitis.

We have developed a modified AI histology tool in UC that correlates highly with histopathologists' assessments and suggests promising potential for its clinical application.

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Early-Life Diet Diversity and the Subsequent Risk of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Findings From Two Scandinavian Birth Cohorts.

In this prospective study of 2 Scandinavian birth cohorts, no association was observed between early-life diet diversity and the subsequent risk of IBD.

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Impact of Seton Use on Clinical, Patient-Reported, and Healthcare Resource Utilization Outcomes in Complex Crohn's Perianal Fistulas: A Systematic Literature Review.

Optimal use of seton in patients with CPF remains unclear. International standardization of definitions for CPF and related clinical outcomes are required to permit data comparability and identify the most effective treatment strategies involving seton use in CPF.

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Opioid Use and Outcomes in Patients Hospitalized With Acute Severe Ulcerative Colitis.

Among ASUC hospitalizations, high opioid use was associated with delayed biologic rescue therapy initiation and higher rates of opioid prescriptions at discharge.

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J Crohns Colitis

Outcomes of patients with prior biologic intolerance are better than those with biologic failure in clinical trials of inflammatory bowel disease.

Improved treatment outcomes were generally observed in patients with biologic intolerance compared to failure, especially in UC, where outcomes were similar to biologic naïve patients. Future clinical trials should meticulously differentiate prior biologic failure versus intolerance to mitigate potential bias.

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Oxidized polyunsaturated fatty acid promotes colitis and colitis-associated tumorigenesis in mice.

These results support that oxidized PUFA promotes the development of colitis and associated tumorigenesis in mouse models via TLR4- and gut microbiota-dependent mechanisms. Our findings highlight the potential need to update regulation policies and industrial standards for oxidized PUFA levels in food.

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Prevalence, characteristics, management, and outcomes of difficult-to-treat inflammatory bowel disease.

DTT-IBD was prevalent in approximately one-quarter of patients with IBD in a tertiary care setting. Certain IBD phenotypes and the delay in initiating treatment in CD were risk factors for DTT. Drug persistency decreased progressively with every subsequent line of therapy.

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Prolonged time to diagnosis of Crohn's disease in patients with perianal fistulas negatively affects long-term outcomes.

A prolonged time to CD diagnosis in patients with a PAF as a manifesting sign is associated with worse long-term outcomes. Patients in whom radiological healing could be achieved had the shortest time to CD diagnosis, emphasizing the relevance of increased clinical awareness of underlying CD in fistula patients.

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Liver Transpl

Are there any benefits of prolonged hypothermic oxygenated perfusion? - Results from a national retrospective study.

Prolonged DHOPE is widely used to improve transplant logistics, provides good results with high-risk grafts, and appears to be associated with a lower risk of post-transplant AKI. These results provide further insight into the important role of DHOPE in preventing post-transplant complications.

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Survival benefit of liver transplantation utilizing marginal donor organ according to ABO blood type.

The study suggests revising the allocation policy to consider blood type for improved post-LT survival. This calls for personalized LT policies, recommending higher MELD 3.0 thresholds, particularly for individuals with type B blood.

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Validation of the R3-AFP model for risk prediction of HCC recurrence after liver transplantation in the SiLVER randomized clinical trial.

In conclusion, the R3-AFP score accurately predicted HCC recurrence using high-quality evidence-based data, exhibiting reduced performance under mTOR immunosuppression. This highlights the need for further research to evaluate surveillance schedules and adjuvant regimens.

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Pancreas

Characterization of Human Pancreatic Islet Cells using a Single-Cell Western Blot Platform.

These results demonstrate that each alpha, beta, and delta cells express varying levels of peptide hormones, and a small subpopulation co-expresses double hormones in normal human islets. The scWestern platform will enable timely assessment of beta cell mass in isolated islets before clinical transplantation.

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Cost-effectiveness of operative intervention for mucinous cystic neoplasm: the role of post-operative diabetes.

Surveillance for small suspected MCNs without high-risk features is the preferred strategy from a clinical and economic standpoint. Consensus guidelines should consider the long-term implications of postoperative diabetes development following LDP.

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Increased PRIM2 expression associated with poor-prognosis in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

High expression of PRIM2 associated with poor prognosis in PDAC patients, PRIM2 could be used as an independent risk indicator.

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Individualized Pain Treatment in Chronic Pancreatitis (INPAIN): An International, Multicenter, Investigator-initiated, Prospective, Cohort Study.

The INPAIN study aims to comprehensively understand pain in CP through a test panel developed for routine clinical use. This tool has the potential to personalize treatments, improve clinical practice, enhance patient care, improve quality of life, and minimize treatment side effects.

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PATIENT AND FAMILY INPUT TO DETERMINE EXPERIENCES AND RESEARCH INTERESTS IN PEDIATRIC PANCREATITIS: AN INSPPIRE-2 STUDY.

This study highlights the importance of patient and family input in caring for children with pancreatitis. The most bothersome symptoms were pain, fatigue and upset stomach. Children with pancreatitis and families would like future research to primarily focus on prevention of pancreatitis attacks, pain therapy, and complications of pancreatitis.

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Risk factors and a prediction model for pain recurrence after pancreatic stent removal in painful chronic pancreatitis.

We identified the risk factors and developed a new prediction model for pain recurrence following stent removal. This model might be useful for decision-making in pancreatic stent management, such as deciding whether to remove a pancreatic stent, continue EPS, or convert to surgery.

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Pancreatology

A pilot study of chlorambucil in pre-treated metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients bearing germline BRCA or other DNA damage repair system variants.

Single agent chlorambucil did not show sufficient signal of activity to warrant its further investigation in metastatic pancreatic cancer patients bearing a DDR-related germline alteration.

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Comparison between pancreatoblastoma (PB) and solid pseudopapillary neoplasm (SPN) in pediatric patients with enhanced CT.

AFP, AER, age, calcification and pancreatic atrophy are robust CT and clinical features for differentiating pediatric PB from SPN. A combination of qualitative and quantitative CT features may provide good diagnostic accuracy in differentiating PB from SPN in children.

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Increased kidney stone risk following total pancreatectomy with islet autotransplantation.

Patients with CP post-TPIAT commonly have kidney stones nearly 3 in 10 have ≥1 kidney stone episodes within 15 years. Clinicians should be aware of this risk and counsel patients on prevention.

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Increased needle passes for comparable diagnostic yield in endoscopic ultrasound-guided tissue acquisition for pancreatic stiff lesions measured by elastography.

The higher the stiffness of the pancreatic mass in EUS-elastography, the more needle passes are required to achieve a comparable diagnostic yield.

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Performance of explainable artificial intelligence in guiding the management of patients with a pancreatic cyst.

EBM models had greater sensitivity and specificity for identifying the correct management compared with either clinical management or previous AI models. The model predictions are demonstrated to be interpretable by clinicians.

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Preoperative treatment response prediction for pancreatic cancer by multiple microRNAs in plasma exosomes: Optimization using machine learning and network analysis.

Peripheral blood miRNA profiles using an optimized combination of miRNAs may provide a more advanced prediction model for preoperative treatment response in PC.

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Reviews&Editorials

Plenty of the editorials are available as full text through the publisher website using the provided link

Am J Clin Nutr

Environmental enteropathy: an old clinical conundrum with new diagnostic and therapeutic opportunities.

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Inflamm Bowel Dis

On the Association Between the E148Q Single-nucleotide Polymorphism of the MEFV Gene and Crohn's Disease.

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Miscellaneous

misc publications eg case reports, tools of the trade, images of the month, etc…

Inflamm Bowel Dis

Limiting Opioid Use for Patients Who Are Hospitalized for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Exacerbations.

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Real-World Comparison of Effectiveness, Treatment Persistence, and Safety of First-Line Advanced Therapies at 1 Year for Ulcerative Proctitis.

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J Crohns Colitis

Letter: Change in bowel urgency in active ulcerative colitis patients treated with Curcumin-QingDai (CurQD): A post-hoc analysis of a randomized placebo-controlled trial.

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Liver Transpl

Bulevirtide improves liver function in liver transplant candidates with advanced HDV cirrhosis and severe portal hypertension.

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CON: Is management of ACLF better in a liver-dedicated ICU?

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In memoriam: Ruud A.F. Krom, MD, PhD (1941-2024).

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PRO: Is Management of ACLF better in a liver-dedicated ICU?

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Pancreas

Mortality trends for acute pancreatitis during the COVID-19 pandemic in the US.

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Tumor immune microenvironment promotes cachexia in pancreatic cancer.

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Letters&Replies

Letters to the editors and authors’ replies